What distinct function does Cryptography serve in payment systems?

Cryptography plays a crucial role in payment systems by ensuring the confidentiality and integrity of data. This means that sensitive information, such as personal identification numbers, credit card details, and transaction data, is encrypted to protect it from unauthorized access. The use of cryptographic techniques ensures that this data is not only kept secret but also remains unaltered during transmission. By enabling secure communication and safeguarding data from potential threats, cryptography helps to maintain trust in payment systems, making it essential for protecting consumers and financial institutions alike.

Furthermore, confidentiality prevents eavesdropping and data theft, while integrity ensures that the information has not been tampered with or altered in transit. This foundational security measure helps build confidence in electronic transactions, supporting the broader adoption of digital payment methods. While other options may address aspects of payment systems, none encapsulate the specific security functions provided by cryptography.