What does one baud correspond to in terms of modulation rate?

One baud corresponds to a signaling rate of one unit interval per second. In telecommunications, "baud" refers to the number of signaling events (or symbols) transmitted over a communication channel per second. Each signaling event may encode one or more bits of information, depending on the modulation scheme used, but in its simplest form, one baud means that one change in signal state (or one symbol transmission) occurs each second.

This is crucial in understanding how data rates are related to baud rates. For example, if the modulation scheme allows multiple bits to be conveyed with each signal change, the effective data rate can be higher than the baud rate. However, the fundamental concept remains that baud measures the number of discrete signal changes per second, which directly aligns with the description provided in the correct response.

The other options do not accurately reflect the definition of baud. For instance, while 50 bits per second could be true for certain specific scenarios, it is not a universal definition of baud. Similarly, baud is not a unit of data storage nor does it equal the number of bytes per second in a general context, as baud rates can vary significantly based on the signaling method used.